A classic probability problem that defies intuition: the answer is the same for any number of passengers, and arriving at it requires looking at the problem from the right angle.

The last passenger

Strategist
El factor azar

Riddle statement

A plane has \(n\) seats and \(n\) passengers, each with their assigned seat.

Passenger 1 loses his card and sits randomly in any seat. Starting with passenger 2, each one acts like this:

  • if his seat is free, he sits in it;
  • if it is occupied, he chooses at random from the free seats.

What is the probability that the last passenger ends up in his own seat?